IgG makes up about 85% of total serum immunoglobulins and predominates late in immune responses. It is the only immunoglobulin to cross the placenta. IgM antibody predominates early in immune responses. Secretory IgA plays an important role in host defense mechanisms by blocking transport of microbes across mucosal surfaces.
Normal Range: IgA: 78-367 mg/dL IgG: 583-1761 mg/dL IgM: 52-335 mg/dL
increased in: IgG: Polyclonal: Autoimmune diseases (eg, SLE, RA), sarcoidosis, chronic liver diseases, some parasitic diseases, chronic or recurrent infections. Monoclonal: Multiple myeloma (IgG type), lymphomas or other malignancies. IgM: Polyclonal: Isolated infections such as viral hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, early response to bacterial or parasitic infection. Monoclonal: Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, lymphoma. IgA: Polyclonal: Chronic liver disease, chronic infections (especially of the GI and respiratory tracts). Monoclonal: Multiple myeloma (IgA).
Decreased in: IgG:
Immunosuppressive therapy, genetic (severe combined immunodeficiency,
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, common variable immunodeficiency). IgM: Immunosuppresive
therapy. IgA: Inherited IgA deficiency (ataxia telangiectasia, combined
immunodeficiency disorders).
Additional: IgG
deficiency is associated with recurrent and occasionally severe pyogenic
infections. Most common form of multiple myeloma is the IgG type.
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