Monday, March 16, 2015

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT, GPT)


Intracellular enzyme involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Present in large concentrations in liver, kidney; smaller amounts in skeletal muscle and heart. Released with tissue damage. 

Normal Range: Laboratory-specific U/L

Increased in: Acute viral hepatitis (ALT>AST), biliary tract obstruction (cholangitis, choledocholithiasis), alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis (AST>ALT), liver abscess, metastatic or primary liver cancer; right heart failure, ischemia or hypoxia, injury to liver ("shock liver"), extensive trauma. Drugs causing cholestasis and other hepatotoxic drugs. 
Additional: ALT screening of donor blood used in blood banks to exclude non-A, non-B hepatitis.

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