Sunday, March 15, 2015

Alkaline Phosphatase



Alkaline phosphatases are found in liver, bone, intestine, placenta. 


Normal Range: Method and age dependent 



increased in: Obstructive hepatobiliary disease, hepatotoxic drugs, bone disease (physiologic bone growth, Paget's disease, osteomalacia, osteogenic sarcoma, bone metastases), hyperparathyroidism, rickets. Benign familial hyperphosphatasemia, pregnancy (3rd trimester), GI disease (perforated ulcer or infarct). 
Decreased in: Hypophosphatasia. 
 
Additional: Normal in osteoporosis. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme separation by electrophoresis or differential heat inactivation is unreliable. Use g-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), which increases in hepatobiliary disease, to infer origin of increased alkaline phosphatase (ie, liver or bone).



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